20. – The Ethnological Map by von Hahn and Zach (1861).

This very interesting map, re-printed in fac-simile, is added to the book "Reise von Belgrad nach Saloniki". Von I. G. von Hahn, K. K. Konsul für das östliche Griechenland. Wien 1861, mit 2 karten".

On this map the places inhabited by Bulgarians are marked by the letters B and Bu behind their names, the Servian places are marked by the letter S, and the Albanian places by A. Want of space demanded the diminution of this map to one half its size; it is therefore, somewhat difficult to decipher it without using a magnifying-glass [for the smaller names it is impossible, even with a powerful magnifying-glass]. An attentive glance, however, will be sufficient to recognise that the Servian dwellings begin north of the Pussta-River, that the Bulgarian dwelling-places predominate in thy Morawa basin up to the source of the river, that they also appear in the basins of the rivers Sitnitza and Neredimka in Kossovo-pole, and that not a single Servian dwelling-place is marked south of the Morawa.

This map is of particular value to us, because it has been perfected by the joint assistance of F. Zach, at that time director of the Servian Military Academy, who thereby rendered the Servian point of view most prominent; it can, therefore, be looked upon as an entirely Servian map, the more so because Servian scientists and politicians of that epoch were fully satisfied with it. This appears from a letter, written by Jowan Gawrilowitsch and addressed to the well-known folklorist and ethnographer Wuk Karadjitsch, the creator of the Servian written language and orthography (see "Correspondence of Wuk Karadjitsch", Belgrad 1907-1912, 6 Vols.).

Von Hahn himself is known as an authority on Albania and the western part of the Balkan peninsula. Hls work "Albanesische Studien" (3 volumes), his above mentioned book, as well as his work "Reiche durch das Gebiet Drin und Wardar. Wien 1869" are studies of the highest value for the knowledge of the peninsula. Von Hahn has accomplished his travels partly on the orders of the Vienna-Government, partly on the orders of the Vienna Academy of Science. He knew the ethnological conditions of the Balkan peninsula thoroughly well and, therefore, he could give very positive information as to the extent of the Bulgarians.